Characterization of Renal Stone Composition Using the Dual-Energy Technique of Computed Tomography: An in Vitro Study

Zakaria, Mohamed; El Safwany, Mohamed; Kandil, Bothaina; Gouda, Magdi Ali

doi:10.21608/ejphysics.2023.191799.1087

Characterization of Renal Stone Composition Using the Dual-Energy Technique of Computed Tomography: An in Vitro Study

Document Type : Original Article

Authors

¹ radiology and medical imaging technology ,faculty of applied health sciences technology, pharos university in Alexandria, Egypt

² Radiology Department, Faculty of Allied Medical Science, Pharos University in Alexandria, Alexandria, Egypt

10.21608/ejphysics.2023.191799.1087

Abstract

The determination of the composition of different types of renal stones using dual energy computed tomography is essential for the selection of an appropriate management strategy. Examine the role of dual energy computed tomography in the in vitro characterization of renal stones and confirm the findings using an X-ray diffraction pattern and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy. Included were forty randomly collected renal stones that underwent dual energy computed tomography for characterization of urinary calculi. insert stones in the bovine kidney model. Linear attenuation coefficients were measured. The dual energy ratio and index were calculated and used to detect the composition of renal stones. To establish the composition of renal stones, an X-ray diffraction pattern and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy were used. Dual energy computed tomography can differentiate between uric acid and calcified stones. A dual energy ratio of 1.02 to 1.1 correctly predicted uric acid stones, while a ratio of 1.24 to 1.65 correctly predicted calcium-containing stones. A dual energy index between 0.00174 and 0.00918 accurately predicted uric acid stones, and a dual energy index between 0.0495-0.1497 accurately predicted calcium containing stones. Through the in-vitro study, dual energy computed tomography characterized 2/40 uric acid containing stones and characterized 38/40 calcium containing stones. The characterization of the dual-energy computed tomography renal stones proved to be extremely compatible with the X-ray diffraction pattern and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy. This study demonstrates that dual-energy computed tomography can be employed in vitro to accurately differentiate between uric acid and calcified renal stones.

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